Convert markup ↔ margin, calculate selling price and profit
For educational purposes. Actual pricing depends on market conditions, competition, and business strategy.
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Markup = (Price - Cost) / Cost. Margin = (Price - Cost) / Price. A 50% markup = 33% margin. A 100% markup = 50% margin. Service businesses often use markup; product businesses use margin.
General rule of thumb: 20-30% markup on direct costs (labor + materials). This covers overhead and profit. Higher markup for small jobs (overhead is spread over fewer dollars). Lower markup for large, repetitive jobs.
Direct labor (hours × rate) + Materials + Subcontractor costs + Equipment rental + Permits + Overhead allocation. Don't forget: your own time, truck/vehicle costs, insurance, and the risk premium for unexpected issues.